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No. 2 Operational Conversion Unit (No. 2 OCU) is a fighter training unit of the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF). Located at RAAF Base Williamtown, New South Wales, the unit trains pilots to operate the McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet, conducts refresher courses for pilots returning to the type, and trains future Hornet instructors. Pilots new to the Hornet enter No. 2 OCU after first qualifying to fly fast jets at No. 79 Squadron and undertaking initial fighter combat instruction at No. 76 Squadron. Once qualified on the F/A-18, they are posted to one of No. 81 Wing's operational Hornet units, No. 3 Squadron, No. 75 Squadron or No. 77 Squadron. The unit was established as No. 2 (Fighter) Operational Training Unit (No. 2 OTU) in April 1942. During World War II, it provided training on a wide range of aircraft, including P-40 Kittyhawks, Vultee Vengeances, Avro Ansons, CAC Boomerangs, Supermarine Spitfires and Airspeed Oxfords. Disbanded in March 1947, No. 2 OTU was re-formed at Williamtown in March 1952 in response to the demand for more highly trained pilots in the Korean War. It was renamed No. 2 (Fighter) Operational Conversion Unit in September 1958, and since then has conducted training with the CAC Sabre, Dassault Mirage III, and Macchi MB-326, prior to taking delivery of the Hornet. ==Role and equipment== The role of No. 2 Operational Conversion Unit (No. 2 OCU) is to "support the preparation for and the conduct of effective airspace control, counter air strike and combat air support operations through the provision of trained personnel".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=No. 2 Operational Conversion Unit )〕 Located at RAAF Base Williamtown, New South Wales, it comes under the control of No. 81 Wing, which is part of Air Combat Group.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=RAAF Base Williamtown )〕 No. 2 OCU is primarily responsible for conducting operational conversion courses on the RAAF's McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet multi-role fighter, which entered service in 1985. The unit takes students who have converted to fast jets with No. 79 Squadron, located at RAAF Base Pearce, Western Australia, and undergone lead-in fighter training at No. 76 Squadron, based at Williamtown.〔〔ANAO, ''Tactical Fighter Operations'', p. 43〕 Most students are new to operational flying, but some are "retreads" (experienced pilots converting from another aircraft type). As No. 2 OCU's instructors are among the RAAF's most experienced Hornet pilots, they often play a significant role developing new tactics, in cooperation with fighter combat instructors at other No. 81 Wing units.〔 No. 2 OCU operates both single-seat F/A-18A Hornets and two-seat F/A-18Bs.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.airforce.gov.au/raafmuseum/research/aircraft/series3/A21.htm )〕 The F/A-18B is largely identical to the A model aside from its dual cockpit, which reduces internal fuel capacity by about six per cent.〔McLaughlin, ''Hornets Down Under'', p. 31〕 Aircraft livery includes a yellow-and-black tail fin flash, the base featuring a yellow tiger's head outlined in black, with a red mouth, white fangs and white eyes.〔Wilson, ''Phantom, Hornet and Skyhawk in Australian Service'', pp. 130–131〕 The unit crest shows a winged kangaroo carrying a joey in its pouch, symbolising "'Mother Australia' flying with her young". The motto is ''Juventus Non Sine Pinnis'' ("The Young Shall Have Wings").〔 Hornet conversion courses run for six months, after which graduates are posted to one of the RAAF's front-line fighter units, No. 3 Squadron or No. 77 Squadron at Williamtown, or No. 75 Squadron at RAAF Base Tindal, Northern Territory.〔 Students must first gain their instrument rating on the Hornet, and are then taught basic fighter manoeuvres, air combat techniques, air-to-air gunnery, and air-to-ground tactics.〔〔 The course culminates with Exercise High Sierra, a biannual event that was first run at Townsville, Queensland, in 1986.〔〔 The exercise lasts for two weeks and involves day and night flights, including precision strike sorties with practice and live bombs.〔 As well as operational conversion, No. 2 OCU conducts refresher courses and fighter combat instructor courses on the Hornet.〔 Pilots who have not flown Hornets for more than nine months undertake the two-week refresher course.〔ANAO, ''Developing Air Force's Combat Aircrew'', p. 28〕 Fighter combat instructor courses run for five months and are given every two years.〔 Students are chosen from among the most experienced Hornet squadron pilots and undergo instruction in how to train others, as well as how to deal with complex operational scenarios.〔 This is tested in simulated combat with other types of US or RAAF aircraft, as available, including F-15 Eagles, F-16 Fighting Falcons, and F/A-18 Super Hornets.〔〔 Graduates become qualified F/A-18 instructors and initially remain with No. 2 OCU for the next two-year cycle. After this time, they are posted to one of the front-line squadrons or No. 81 Wing's headquarters as Hornet weapons-and-tactics specialists.〔 Along with training pilots, No. 2 OCU may be called upon to conduct operational tasks in "particular circumstances".〔Horner, ''Making the Australian Defence Force'', p. 210〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「No. 2 Operational Conversion Unit RAAF」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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